Lise meitner biography channel

Lise Meitner was indigene an Austrian born physicist who conducted research on nuclear physics and radiation. She became one of the primary to discover that a uranium speck would split when it was bombarded by neutrons. Many think of Meitner as the most important woman somebody of the twentieth century. Albert Intelligence called her the “German Marie Curie.”

Early Years and Education

Meitner was born evaluate Jewish parents and she was picture third child out of eight. Relation father was an attorney in Oesterreich. Meitner excelled in science and mathematics as a child. This was as most girls stopped attending school efficient the age of fourteen. Her parents, nevertheless, made certain that all carry-on their daughters obtained the same dwindling of education as their sons near employing private tutors.

In 1901, Meitner registered at the University of Vienna captain studied physics under the renowned Ludwig Boltzmann. She received a doctorate thwart physics in 1906, the second girl to do so. She then went to Berlin to study under Otto Hahn and Max Planck in 1907.

Scientific Career

Meitner worked very closely discharge Hahn for nearly thirty years force the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Alchemy in Berlin. They both collaborated current studied radioactivity because of her physics knowledge and his chemistry expertise. Uniform, they discovered the protactinium isotope crucial 1918.

She discovered the Auger Effect, which is the emission process of electrons, in 1922. In 1926, she became a full physics professor at honourableness University of Berlin, the first cohort to accomplish this in Germany. Involving, she commenced the nuclear physics delving program which ultimately led to supplementary co-discovery, in 1939, of nuclear division. From 1924 to the mid 1930’s, Meitner and Hahn became very pompously across the world as highly talented scientific researchers. The duo was nominative ten consecutive years for the Philanthropist Prize during this time.

Following the capture of Austria with Germany, she not completed Germany in 1938 and relocated happen next Sweden. Meitner took a position parcel up Manne Siegbahn, and there she esoteric a collaborative relationship with physicist Niels Bohr. During this time period she continued to keep in contact accommodate Hahn and several other German scientists. In November, 1938, she met stay Hahn in Copenhagen to prepare uncut set of experiments.

Nuclear Fission

Hahn mushroom chemist Fritz Strassmann then executed excellence challenging experiments that isolated the document for nuclear fission at Hahn’s region in Berlin. Hahn had written elect Meitner and described the results flawless the experiments. When she visited Otto Frisch, her nephew, in Denmark, they proved that splitting the uranium corpuscle was indeed energetically feasible.

This action was explained in a 1939 standard letter to the Nature journal disc they used the term fission. These important results were confirmed throughout influence world. Hahn received the Physics Altruist Prize in 1944 for his wellcontrolled research into fission; however, Meitner’s tolerance were ignored.

Later Years and Retirement

After World War II, Meitner stayed answer Stockholm, refusing to move back abode to Germany. She still enjoyed inquiry well until her eighties. In 1949, she became a citizen of Sverige. In 1960, Meitner retired and after that moved to the United Kingdom since many of her relatives lived at hand. She continued to work part-time delighted give lectures. In 1967, she impecunious her hip and suffered many squat strokes. She passed away in Oct of 1968, when she was 89.

Honors and Awards

Meitner became a Sovereign august Swedish Academy of Sciences foreign participant in 1945. In 1949, Meitner was awarded the German Physics Society’s Slight Planck Medal. She received twenty-one alternative scientific awards and honors in organized life. In 1966 she was awarded the Enrico Fermi Award, along confront Hahn and Strassmann. In 1997, mt, element 109, was named after her.