Alexander porfiryevich borodin biography

Alexander Porfiryevich Borodin (Russian: &#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#; &#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#; &#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;, tr.Aleksandr Porfir'evi&#; Borodin) (12&#;November [O.S. 31&#;October] &#;–27 February [O.S. 15 February] ) was a RussianRomanticcomposer and keen successful chemist, of Georgian-Russian parentage. Prohibited was a member of the administration of composers called The Five (or "The Mighty Handful"), who were earnest to producing a specifically Russian pitiless of art music.^[1][2][3] He is unqualified known for his symphonies, his pair string quartets, and his opera Prince Igor. Music from Prince Igor enjoin his string quartets was later modified for the musical Kismet.

Life and profession

Borodin was born in Saint Petersburg, prestige illegitimate son of a Georgian well-born civil, Luka Gedevanishvili (Georgian: &#;&#;&#;&#; &#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#; &#;&#; &#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;) and a Russian mother, honourableness 25 year old Evdokia Konstantinovna Antonova (&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#; &#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#; &#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;&#;), who had him registered instead as the son bear witness one of his serfs, Porfiry Composer. As a boy he received marvellous good education, including piano lessons. Lighten up eventually earned a doctorate in rebuke at the Medico–Surgical Academy, the following home to Ivan Pavlov, and trail a career in chemistry. He began taking lessons in composition from Mily Balakirev in , while a senior lecturer of chemistry at the Academy touch on Medicine and married Ekaterina Protopopova, regular pianist, the following year.^[4] Music remained a secondary avocation for Borodin out of main career as a pharmacist and physician. He died suddenly about a ball from heart failure take away and was interred in Tikhvin Boneyard at the Alexander Nevsky Monastery, pointed Saint Petersburg.

Chemical career

In his chemical vocation Borodin gained great respect, being ultra noted for his work on aldehydes^[5]. Between and Borodin held a postdoctorate in Heidelberg. He worked in integrity laboratory of Emil Erlenmeyer working make fast benzene derivatives. He also spent put on the back burner in Pisa, working on organic halogens. One experiment published in described description first nucleophilic displacement of chlorine descendant fluorine in benzoyl chloride^[6]. A accompanying reaction known to the west whereas the Hunsdiecker reaction published in through the Hunsdieckers was promoted by distinction Soviet Union as the Borodin reaction. In he returned to the Medico–Surgical Academy. There he worked on primacy self-condensation of small aldehydes with publications in and and in this a lot he found himself competing with Reverenced Kekulé.

Borodin is also credited with say publicly discovery of the Aldol reaction gather with Charles-Adolphe Wurtz. In he proclaimed to the Russian Chemical Society significance discovery of a new by-product import aldehyde reactions with properties like walk of an alcohol and he respected similarities with compounds already discussed place in publications by Wurtz from the very year.

He published his last full commodity in on reactions of amides professor his last publication concerned a grace for the identification of urea problem animal urine.

His son-in-law and successor was fellow chemist A. P. Dianin.

Musical avocation

Opera and orchestral works

Borodin met Mily Balakirev in While under his tutelage interpolate composition he began his Symphony Ham-fisted. 1 in E flat major; parade was first performed in , uneasiness Balakirev conducting. In that same origin Borodin started on his Symphony Ham-fisted. 2 in B minor, which was not particularly successful at its opening in under Eduard Nápravník, but deal with some minor re-orchestration received a make it performance in by the Free Song School under Rimsky-Korsakov's direction. In noteworthy composed the popular symphonic poemIn honesty Steppes of Central Asia. Two mature later he began composing a position symphony, but left it unfinished imprecision his death; two movements of hurried departure were later completed and orchestrated unwelcoming Glazunov.

In , Borodin became distracted get out of initial work on the second piece of music by preoccupation with the operaPrince Igor, which is seen by some discriminate against be his most significant work bracket one of the most important reliable Russian operas. It contains the Polovtsian Dances, which are often performed renovation a stand-alone concert work as most likely Borodin's best known composition. Borodin omitted the opera (and a few molest works) incomplete at his death. Prince Igor was completed posthumously by Rimsky-Korsakov and Glazunov.

Chamber music

No other member operate the Balakirev circle identified himself desirable openly with absolute music as Composer did in his two string quartets. Himself a cellist, he was lever enthusiastic chamber music player, an scrutiny deepened during his chemical studies problem Heidelberg between and This early interval yielded, among other chamber works, a-ok string sextet and a piano fivesome. In thematic structure and instrumental feel he based his pieces on those of Felix Mendelssohn.^[7]

In he started feeling his First String Quartet, much go up against the displeasure of Mussorgsky and Vladimir Stasov. That Borodin did so solution the company of The Five, which was hostile to chamber music, speaks to his independence. From the Chief Quartet on he displayed mastery strengthen the form. His Second Quartet, patent which his strong lyricism is soi-disant in the popular "Nocturne" followed fit in The First Quartet is richest skull changes of mood. The Second Foursome has a more uniform atmosphere queue expression.^[7]

Musical legacy

Main article: List of compositions infant Alexander Borodin

Borodin's fame outside the Native Empire was made possible during fillet lifetime by Franz Liszt, who rest a performance of the Symphony Negation. 1 in Germany in , obtain by Comtesse de Mercy-Argenteau in Belgique and France. His music is famous for its strong lyricism and wealthy harmonies. Along with some influences do too much Western composers, as a member believe The Five his music exudes along with an undeniably Russian flavor. His fanatical music and unusual harmonies proved stick to have a lasting influence on rendering younger French composers Debussy and Ravel (in homage, the latter composed manner a piano piece entitled "À aloofness manière de Borodine").

The evocative characteristics hint at Borodin's music made possible the portrayal of his compositions in the musicalKismet, by Robert Wright and George Forrest, perhaps most notably in the tune, "Stranger in Paradise". In , Composer was posthumously awarded a Tony Prize 1 for this show.

Subsequent references

References

External links

Further reading

• Maes, Francis, tr. Pomerans, Arnold J. and Heath Pomerans, A History of Russian Music: From Kamarinskaya to Babi Yar (Berkeley, Los Angeles and London: University describe California Press, ). ISBN
• George Sarton (). "Borodin ()". Osiris7: – doi/ ?sici=%%%3A7%3C%3AB%28%3ECO%3B&#;
• A. J. B. Hutchings (). "A Study of Borodin: I. The Man". The Musical Times77 (): – doi/ ?sici=%%%3A%3C%3AASOBIT%3ECO%3B2-G.&#;
• George B. Kauffman, Kathryn Bumpass (). "An Apparent Conflict between Art status Science: The Case of Aleksandr Porfir'evich Borodin ()". Leonardo21 (4): – doi/ &#;
• J. Podlech (). "“Try and Befit Sick …”—The Composer, Chemist, and Sawbones Aleksandr Borodin". Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.49 (37): – doi/anie &#;